CASPIAN SEA

• Latitude: 3.54067
• Longitude: 112.816
• Indonesia
• Offshore Terminal in Malaysia

Address: Malaysia

As of my knowledge cutoff in October 2021, there isn't a specific offshore terminal named "Caspian Sea" in Malaysia. The Caspian Sea is geographically located in Central Asia, bordered by countries like Kazakhstan, Russia, Turkmenistan, Iran, and Azerbaijan. Therefore, it's important to verify whether this is a hypothetical project you're referring to, or if there have been new developments post-2021 that I might not be aware of.

However, I can provide a general description and specification for a typical offshore terminal in Malaysia, which can be quite common due to the country's robust oil and gas industry. Offshore terminals are essential facilities in the petroleum and gas industry for the export and import of oil and gas products. These terminals are typically located near offshore oil fields and facilitate the loading, unloading, and storage of these products.

General Description

An offshore terminal in Malaysia would likely be an integrated facility designed to handle the complex processes involved in loading and unloading crude oil, liquefied natural gas (LNG), and other petroleum products. The terminal would also potentially provide facilities for storage, berthing, and possibly even some refinement processes.

Basic Specifications

Location:

• Closest Coastal Point: Depending on the exact location, it would be somewhere in the territorial waters of Malaysia, potentially off the coasts of Sabah, Sarawak, or Peninsular Malaysia.

Key Components:

1. Jetties and Piers:

   • Multiple berthing spaces to accommodate various sizes of tankers.
   • Equipped with mooring and berthing aids.

2. Loading/Unloading Facilities:

   • Marine Loading Arms for safe transfer of oil and gas.
   • Pipelines connecting to storage tanks or directly to onshore facilities.

3. Storage Tanks:

   • Floating or fixed roof storage tanks.
   • Capacity depending on the throughput volume, typically ranging from several thousand to millions of barrels.

4. Processing Units:

   • Separation units for removing water and sediments.
   • Gas processing units if handling LNG or natural gas.

5. Safety and Environmental Protection:

   • Spill response equipment and containment booms.
   • Firefighting systems including foam monitors and deluge systems.
   • Environmental monitoring systems for air and water quality.

6. Power Supply:

   • Independent power generation units, often using gas turbines.
   • Backup generators and uninterruptible power supplies (UPS) for critical systems.

7. Accommodation:

   • Living quarters for operational staff, including sleeping cabins, dining facilities, and recreational areas.

8. Communication Systems:

   • Satellite communication for remote monitoring and operations.
   • Radio systems for marine and aviation communication.

9. Security:

   • Restricted access and surveillance systems.
   • Naval and aerial patrols depending on the security situation.

10. Ancillary Services:

    • Helicopter landing decks for crew change and emergency evacuation.
    • Service boats for supply and personnel transfer.

Technical Specifications:

Capacity:

• Loading/Unloading Rate: Could vary, but high-capacity facilities might handle up to 100,000 barrels per hour for crude oil.
• Storage Capacity: From 500,000 to several million barrels of crude oil or equivalent gas in cubic meters.

Infrastructure:

• Structural Integrity: Designed to withstand harsh marine conditions, including high winds, waves, and seismic activity.
• Corrosion-Resistant Materials: Utilization of advanced coatings and cathodic protection to prevent corrosion.

Automation:

• SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) systems for real-time monitoring and control.
• Automated leak detection and shut-off systems.

Compliance:

• Must comply with international standards such as ISO, API (American Petroleum Institute), and local regulations like those from PETRONAS and Malaysian government guidelines.

Please consult the latest sources or official documentation for the most up-to-date and accurate information if there have been recent developments regarding offshore terminals in Malaysia post-2021.