MARACAIBO

• VEMAR
• Latitude: 10.6315
• Longitude: -71.642
• North Coast South America
• Port in Venezuela

Location: Venezuela

Marine Port Description and Specification: Maracaibo, Venezuela

Overview

The Port of Maracaibo is one of Venezuela's key maritime hubs, located on the western shore of Lake Maracaibo and serving the city of Maracaibo, the capital of Zulia state. It is a crucial port for oil, given its proximity to the rich oil fields of western Venezuela.

Location

• Coordinates: Approximately 10°39'N latitude and 71°37'W longitude.
• Area: The port is situated on the natural lagoon known as Lake Maracaibo, connected to the Gulf of Venezuela by the Tablazo Bay and a series of navigable channels.

Infrastructure and Facilities

1. Terminals:

   • Oil Terminals: Several oil loading and storage facilities catering to both inbound and outbound crude and refined petroleum products.
   • General Cargo Terminals: Can handle various types of cargo including bulk, containers, and breakbulk.
   • Specialized Terminals: Facilities dedicated to the export of regional agricultural products like coffee and cocoa.

2. Berths and Quays:

   • Multiple berths for oil tankers, bulk carriers, and container vessels.
   • Berthing depth varies but typically ranges from 10 to 14 meters to accommodate large tankers and cargo ships.

3. Storage Facilities:

   • Extensive storage facilities including warehouses and open storage areas.
   • Tanks and silos for petroleum products and other bulk goods.

4. Equipment and Services:

   • Cranes and container handling equipment.
   • Tugboat, pilotage, and mooring services.
   • Bunkering, fresh water supply, and waste disposal services.

5. Connectivity:

   • Well-connected to regional road systems facilitating the transport of goods to and from the hinterland.
   • Proximity to industrial zones and oil refineries.

Navigation

• Approach Channels: The port is accessible through dredged navigation channels that ensure clear passage from the Gulf of Venezuela into Lake Maracaibo.
• Pilotage: Compulsory and provided for all incoming and outgoing vessels to ensure safe navigation through the challenging passages.

Traffic and Operations

• Primary Cargoes: Oil and petroleum products, agricultural goods, industrial materials, and general cargo.
• Annual Throughput: Significant but fluctuates with global oil market conditions and domestic economic factors.

Regulatory and Administrative Details

• Port Authority: Managed by the Instituto Nacional de los Espacios Acuáticos (INEA), with various private operators managing specific terminals and activities.
• Customs and Security: Complies with international standards under the International Ship and Port Facility Security (ISPS) Code.
• Documentation: Standard maritime and customs documentation required for operations.

Additional Information

• Climate: Tropical climate with a wet season from May to November, potentially affecting port operations.
• Economic Impact: Vital to Venezuela's economy, especially in the oil sector, and crucial for regional development.

The Port of Maracaibo remains a linchpin in Venezuela's maritime and economic activities, especially given its strategic importance in the global oil supply chain. Despite facing operational and infrastructural challenges, it continues to play a pivotal role in the country's trade and commerce.